![]() ![]() If your cat is anesthetized, your doctor will accomplish ventilation manually or mechanically with an anesthesia ventilator. Your veterinarian will begin by providing adequate ventilation into the air cells of the lungs. The definitive treatment is to treat the primary cause, discontinue inhalation anesthesia, or provide adequate ventilation during anesthesia. If none of these disorders are found to be the cause of the symptoms, your veterinarian will perform an upper airway endoscopy to rule out a laryngeal mass or paralysis of the larynx (muscles of the throat). If your cat is not conscious, especially if it is due to being anesthetized, your veterinarian will check your cat for hypoxemia. If your cat is conscious, your doctor will check your cat for symptoms of hyperthermia (body temperature that is too high), hypoxemia (lack of oxygen), and head trauma. This process is guided by deeper inspection of the apparent outward symptoms, ruling out each of the more common causes until the correct disorder is settled upon and can be treated appropriately. The most common cause, however, is due to an exhausted carbon dioxide absorbent in the anesthesia machine is the most common cause.īecause there are several possible causes for this condition, your veterinarian will most likely use differential diagnosis. It may also occur spontaneously in patients during inhalation of anesthesia or due to increased inhaled carbon dioxide, such as what occurs from rebreathing gases that had been exhaled. some medicines that are used for treating acidosis), which dissociates into carbon dioxide when there is inadequate ventilation Administration of sodium bicarbonate (used in some foods and medications, esp.Pulmonary parenchymal disease (disease of the lung tissue).Diaphragmatic hernia (where there is a hole in the diaphragm, allowing a any one of the abdominal organs to push through the hole into the chest space, often interfering with breathing in the process).Restriction in movement of the thoracic (chest) cage.Hypoventilation that results from a decrease in alveolar ventilation may be the result of one of the following: Hypoventilation owing to muscle weakness or neuropathy.Pulmonary parenchymal (internal cells in the lungs) disease. ![]() Severe condition may lead to slow heartbeat and slow breathing.Left untreated, a state of hypercapnia can lead to death.Īny breed, age, or gender of cat can be affected by this disorder.īecause the brain is primarily affected by this condition, nervous system signs abound. However, an excess of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream can lead to an abnormal condition, causing symptoms ranging from dizziness to convulsions. The normal amount of carbon dixide in the arterial blood is 35-45 mm Hg (a measurable unit of pressure). As a natural part of the atmosphere and the air that is inhaled, carbon dioxide is constantly being added to and removed from the air cells in the lungs. It is carried in the blood in three forms: 65 percent is as a bicarbonate 30 percent is bound to hemoglobin and 5 percent is dissolved in plasma. It is considered the primary drive to breath, by stimulation of central chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata (the lower portion of the brainstem). Carbon dioxide is the end product of aerobic cellular metabolism (the function of cells that require oxygen to operate). Carbon dioxide is a normal part of the atmosphere, and a normal component of the chemical make-up of the mammalian body. Hypercapnia is characterized by an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. It may also be related to lung disease or to environmental conditions that result in increased levels of carbon dioxide in the breathable air. It is generally the result of alveolar hypoventilation, a failure of the air cells in the lungs to take in adequate amounts of clean oxygen. Hypercapnia is synonymous with hypoventilation, or inadequate inhalation of fresh air. ![]()
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